Lubricants

Lubricants

Lubricants are substances typically used to reduce friction between parts in contact. Depending on the type, lubricants also perform various other functions such as heat regulation, power transmission, sealing against dust or dirt, as well as reducing oxidation and preventing corrosion. Lubricants are typically in liquid or semi-solid form, but they may exist in different forms. Some examples include:

  • Solid: Graphite, Molybdenum disulphide, Polytetrafluroethylene
  • Semi-solid: Grease
  • Liquid: Water, natural or synthetic oils
  • Gaseous: Air

These lubricants are widely used in industries including automotive, aerospace, construction, chemical, or textile industries to ensure the smooth functioning of their machinery and equipment.

Types of Lubricants

Depending upon the application, one type of lubricant will work better then another. For intense friction and high-speed applications, oil-based lubricants are usually the best choice. However, for components that undergo heavy loads, or are positioned or move vertically, typically require a grease. Grease stays in place and provides a longer lasting barrier between components, such as wheel-bearings, nuts, bolts, etc. Read our bearings article to learn more about all the aspects involved with lubricating bearings.

Function of Lubrication

  1. It reduces wear and tear of the surfaces by avoiding direct metal to metal contact between the rubbing surfaces, i.e., by introducing lubricants between the two surfaces.
  2. It reduces expansion of metal due to frictional heat and destruction of material.
  3. It acts as coolant of metal due to heat transfer media.
  4. It avoids unsmooth relative motion.
  5. It reduces maintenance cost.

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